ePapers Repository

Political Settlements: Issues paper

Di John, Jonathan and Putzel, James (2009) Political Settlements: Issues paper. Discussion Paper. University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.

[img]
Preview
PDF
Available under License Creative Commons Attribution .

EIRS7.pdf
314Kb

URL of Published Version: http://www.gsdrc.org/docs/open/EIRS7.pdf

Abstract

Why do similar sets of formal institutions often have such divergent outcomes? An analysis of political settlements goes some way to answering this question by bringing into focus the contending interests that exist within any state, which constrain and facilitate institutional and developmental change. It provides a framework to analyse how the state is linked to society and what lies behind the formal representation of politics in a state.

The political settlement and the elite bargains from which it emerges are central to patterns of state fragility and resilience. The role of political organisation within the political settlement is crucial to both the stability of the settlement and the direction in which it evolves over time. The elite bargains that may lead to the establishment of what might be considered a resilient political settlement may also act as a barrier to progressive developmental change.

Analysis of political settlements suggests that state-building is far from a set of technical formulas, but is a highly political process. Creating capacity within a state to consolidate and expand taxation is fundamentally determined by the shape of the political settlement underlying the state. This is true as well for the development of service delivery or any other function of the state. This analytical framework provides a window for donors to grasp the politics of a place in order to design more effective interventions.

Type of Work:Monograph (Discussion Paper)
School/Faculty:Colleges (2008 onwards) > College of Social Sciences
Number of Pages:29
Department:International Development Department
References:

Acemoglu, D., Johnson, S., and Robinson, J. 2003. An African Success Story: Botswana. In D. Rodrik (ed.). In Search of Prosperity: Analytical Narratives on Economic Growth. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Allen, C. 1995. 'Understanding African Politics', Review of African Political Economy, no. 65.

Amsden, A. 1989. Asia’s Next Giant: South Korea and Late Industrialization. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Bates, R. 1981. Markets and States in Tropical Africa. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

Bayart, J-F. 1993/1989. The State in Africa: the Politics of the Belly, Paris: Fayard.

Bloomström, M., and Meller, P., (eds.), 1991. Diverging Paths: Comparing a Century of Scandinavian and Latin American Development. Washington, D.C.: Inter-American Development Bank.

Brenner, R. 1976. The origins of capitalist development: a critique of neo-Smithian Marxism, New Left Review, 104 (July-August): 25-92.

Buchanan, J., Tollison, R., and Tullock, G. 1980. Toward a Theory of the Rent-Seeking Society. College Station, TX: Texas A&M Press.

Burton, M., and Higley, J. 1998. Political Crises and Elite Settlements. In Mattei Dogan, and John Higley, (eds.), Elites, Crises, and the Origins of Regimes. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.

Cameron, D.R. 1978. The expansion of the public economy: A comparative analysis, American Political Science Review, 72.

Campbell, J.L. 1993. The State and Fiscal Sociology, Annual Review of Sociology, vol. 19.

Chabal, P. and Daloz, J-P. 1999. Africa Works: Disorder as Political Instrument, Oxford: James Currey.

Clague, C., Keefer, P., Knack, S., and Olson, M. 1997. Democracy, Autocracy, and the Institutions Supportive of Economic Growth. In Christopher Clague, ed., Institutions and Economic Development: Growth and Governance in Less-Developed and Post-Socialist Countries. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

Dahlman, C. 1980. The Open Field System and Beyond: A Property Rights Analysis of an Economic Institution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Di John, J. (forthcoming) From Windfall to Curse? Oil and Industrialization in Venezuela, 1920 to the present. University Park, PA: Penn State University Press.

Di John, J. 2009. Taxation as State-Building: Reforming Tax Systems for Political Stability and Sustainable Economic Growth: A Practioner’s Guide. Washington, D.C.: The World Bank: FIAS Financial and Investment Climate Service.

Di John, J. 2008. Zambia: State Resilience against the Odds: An analytical narrative on the construction and maintenance of political order, mimeo. Crisis States Research Centre, London School of Economics and Political Science.

Dogan, M. and Higley, J.1998. Elites, Crises, and Regimes in Comparative Analysis. In Mattei Dogan, and John Higley, eds., Elites, Crises, and the Origins of Regimes. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.

Drèze, J. and Sen, A. 1989. Hunger and Public Action. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Duverger, M. 1959. Political Parties: Their organization and activity in the modern state. London: Mathuen and Co.

Dworkin, R. (2006). Is Democracy Possible Here? Princeton University Press.

Goldscheid, R. [1925] 1958. A sociological approach to problems of public finance, in Musgrave, R. and Peacock, A.T. (eds.) Classics in the Theory of Public Finance. New York: Macmillan.

Golooba-Mutebi, F. 2008. Collapse, War and Reconstruction in Rwanda: An analytical narrative on state-making. Crisis States Research Centre, Working Paper No. 28 (series 2) London School of Economics and Political Science (February)

Gomez, T., and Jomo, K.S.. 1997. Malaysia’s Political Economy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Gramsci, A. 1971. Selection from the Prison Notebooks. London: Lawrence and Wishart.

Hall, P. and Soskice, D. 2001. Varieties of Capitalism: The Institutional Foundations of Comparative Advantage. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Harris J., Hunter, J., and Lewis, C., (eds.) 1995. “Introduction: Development and the Significance of NIE”, in The New Institutional Economics and Third World Development. London: Routledge.

Holm, J. 2000. ‘Curbing Corruption through Democratic Acountability: Lessons from Botswana’. In K. Hope, Sr. and B.C. Chikulo (eds.), Corruption and Development in Africa: Lessons from Country Case-Studies. London: Palgrave.

Kaplan, R. 1994. 'The Coming Anarchy', Atlantic Monthly, February.

Karl. T. 1986. Petroleum and Political Pacts: The Transition to Democracy in Venezuela. In G. O’Donnell, P. Schmitter, and L. Whitehead, (eds.), Transitions from Authoritarian Rule. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

Khan, M. 2000. Rent-Seeking as a Process: Inputs, Rent-Outcomes and Net Effects. In M. Khan and K.S. Jomo, (eds.), Rents, Rent-Seeking and Economic Development. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Khan, M. 1995. State Failure in Weak States: A Critique of New Institutionalist Explanations. In Harris, J., Hunter, J. and Lewis, C., (eds.), The New Institutional Economics and Third World Development. London: Routledge.

Knight, J. 1992. Institutions and Social Conflict. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Kohli, A. 2004. State-Directed Development: Political Power and Industrialization in the Global Periphery. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Kohli, A. 1999. Where Do High Growth Political Economies Come From? The Japanese Lineage of Korea’s Developmental State. In Meredith. Woo-Cumings, (ed.), The Developmental State. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.

Leftwich, A., 2007, Drivers of Change: Refining the Analytical Framework to Understand the Politics of the Places We Work: Final Report. London: Department for International Development (DFID).

Levi, M. 1988. Of Revenue and Rule. Berkeley: University of California Press. Lieberman, E. 2003. Race and Regionalism in the Politics of Taxation in Brazil and South Africa. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Lieberman, E. 2001. National Political Community and the Politics of Taxation in Brazil and South Africa in the Twentieth Century, Politics and Society, Vol. 29, No. 4.

Lloyd, R.B. 2001. ‘Conflict Resolution or Transformation? An Analysis of the South African and Mozambican Political Settlements’, International Negotiation 6: 303–329

Melling, J. 1991.’Industrial capitalism and the welfare of the state: the role of employers in the comparative development of welfare states. A review of recent research’, Sociology; May 91, Vol. 25 Issue 2, pp219-239

Moore, B. 1966. The Social Origins of Democracy and Dictatorship: Lord and Peasant in the Making of the Modern World. Boston: Beacon Press.

Moore. M. and Putzel, J. 1999. Thinking Strategically about Politics and Poverty. IDS Working Paper 101. Brighton: Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex.

North, D. 1990. Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

North, D.1981. Structure and Change in Economic History. New York: W.W. Norton.

North, D., J. Wallis, S. Webb, and B. Weingast. 2007. Limited Access Orders in the Developing World: A New Approach to Problems of Development. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 4359. Washington, D.C.: The World Bank.

O’Brien, P. 2001. Fiscal Exceptionalism: Great Britain and Its European Rivals, Working Paper No. 65/01, Department of Economic History, London School of Economics.

O'Donnell, G., and Schmitter, P., and Whitehead, L (eds.) 1986. Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Tentative Conclusion about Uncertain Democracies. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

Olson, M. 1993. 'Dictatorship, democracy and development', American Political Science Review, 87

Paris. R. 2004. At War’s End: Building Peace After Civil Conflict, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Przeworski, A. 1991. Democracy and the Market. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Putzel, J., L. Moens, D. Esser, J. Leonard, B. Whitty and H. Warner. 2009. Statebuilding in fragile situations – How can donors ‘do no harm’ and maximise their positive impact? Joint study by the London School of Economics and PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP. Document prepared for the OECD DAC Fragile States Group (11 May).

Putzel, J. 1999. ‘The Survival of an Imperfect Democracy in the Philippines’, Democratization, Vol. 6 No. 1, (Spring), pp.198-223.

Putzel, J. 1995. Why has democratization been a weaker impulse in Indonesia and Malaysia than in the Philippines? In David Potter, David Goldblatt, Margaret Kiloh, and Paul Lewis, (eds.), Democratization. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Putzel, J. 1992. A Captive Land: The Politics of Agrarian Reform in the Philippines. Ateneo de Manila University Press and Monthly Review Press.

Putzel, J and S Lindemann, 2008. Tanzania: an analytical narrative of state resilience. Crisis States Research Centre, London School of Economics.

Rueschemeyer, Dietrich, Evelyn Huber Stephens, and John D. Stephens. 1992. Capitalist Development and Democracy. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Sandbrook, R. 1985. The Politics of Africa’s Economic Stagnation, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Schneider, A. 2005. Wholesale versus Within Institutional Change: Pacting Governance Reform in Brazil for Fiscal Responsibility and Tax, paper presented at Crisis States Programme Research Seminar, February.

Shleifer, A. and Vishny, R. W. 1993. 'Corruption', Quarterly Journal of Economics, 108.

Snyder, J. 2000. From Voting to Violence: Democratization and Nationalist Conflict. New York: W.W. Norton and Company.

Snyder, R. 2006. 'Does Lootable Wealth Breed Disorder? A Political Economy of Extraction Framework', Comparative Political Studies, 39:8.

Tsebelis, G. 2002. Veto Players: How Political Institutions Work. Princeton: Princeton University Press

Wade, R. 1990. Governing the Market: Economic Theory and the Role of Government in East Asian Industrialization. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Whaites, Alan (2008). States in Development: Understanding State-Building. A DFID Working Paper. London: Department for International Development.

World Bank. 1997. World Development Report: The State in a Changing World. Washington D.C.

Wood, E. 2000. Forging Democracy from Below: Insurgent Transitions in South Africa and El Salvador, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Yashar, D. 1997. Demanding Democracy: Reform and Reaction in Costa Rica and Guatemala, 1870s – 1950s. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.

Date:June 2009
Projects:Governance and Social Development Resource Centre
Series/Collection Name:GSDRC Emerging Issues Papers
Keywords:politics, political settlement, social contract, international development, political economy
Subjects:H Social Sciences > HN Social history and conditions. Social problems. Social reform
J Political Science > JC Political theory
J Political Science > JF Political institutions (General)
Related URLs:
URLURL Type
http://www.gsdrc.orgOrganisation
Funders:UK Department for International Development (DFID)
Copyright Status:Copyright 2009 University of Birmingham
Copyright Holders:University of Birmingham
ID Code:645

Export Reference As : ASCII + BibTeX + Dublin Core + EndNote + HTML + METS + MODS + OpenURL Object + Reference Manager + Refer + RefWorks
Share this item :
QR Code for this page

Repository Staff Only: item control page